| Canada | Sediment and clam (L. radiata) from 102 Sites; 9 in Detroit River, 24 in St. Clair River, 69 in Lake St. Clair | Detroit River; clam OCS (48.7±12.3 ng/g), sediment OCS (1.0±1.2 ng/g), C.F.1) (146.0±102.1 ng/g)St. Clair River; clam OCS (35.9±76.8 ng/g), sediment OCS (14.8±21.4 ng/g), C.F.1) (52.0±46.5 ng/g)Lake St. Clair; clam OCS (43.3±39.6 ng/g), sediment OCS (2.7±4.8 ng/g), C.F.1) (64.0±81.0 ng/g) | Pugsley et al. (1985) |
| Spain | Newborn cord sera and maternal sera at 6–8 weeks of pregnancy from Flix (Catalonia, Spain)Top sediments from the Ebro River | PeCS; 2.1-540 ng/g in sediments, <0.3 ng/L in mothers, <0.3 ng/L in newborns arterial/cord seraHxCS (11,14,15); 2.7-290 ng/g in sediments, <0.7-6.6 ng/L in mothers, <0.7-3.7 ng/L in newborns arterial sera, <0.7-2.2 ng/L in newborns cord seraHpCS (4,5,6); 27.5-610 ng/g in sediments, <0.7 ng/L in mothers, <0.7 ng/L in newborns arterial/cord seraOCS; 66-15,000 ng/g in sediments, 63 ng/L in mothers, 25/17 ng/L in newborns arterial/cord sera | Carrizo et al. (2009) |
| North sea | Water from Elbe estuary, Weser estuary, German BightSediments from German Bight fish liver2) from A, B, C, D, E, F | Water: 1.03-1.94 ng/L at Elbe estuary, 0.12 ng/L at weser estuary, 0.03 ng/L at German BightSediment: 0.87-1.32 ng/g at German BightFish liver: 2.0-164.4 ng/g at A, 2.4-27.2 ng/g at B, <1 ng/g at C, N.D. at D, E, F | Ernst et al. (1984) |
| North America | Sediment cores from Lake Ontario by the Canada Centre for Inland Waters | Eastern: <15 ng/g at 1 site (inlet to the Saint Lawrence River), 15-50 ng/g at 2 sites (from Syracuse, NY, through the Oswego River)Midlike: <15 ng/g at 1 site, >100 ng/g at 1 site (offshore of the Genessee River outlet)Western: <15 ng/g at 2 sites, 15-50 ng/g at 2 sites, 50-100 ng/g at 2 sites (from chlorine plants along the shores of the Niagara River) | Kaminsky et al. (1984) |
| North America | Sediment cores from Lake Ontario, mainly in the Niagara basin from the Niagara River | HxCSs: 5.9-12 ng/g at 3 sitesHpCSs: 0.1-18 ng/g at 6 sites, Tr3) at 1 siteOCS: 0.3-49 ng/g at 9 sites, Tr3) at 1 site | Kaminsky et al. (1984) |
| North America | Water from Lake OntarioBottom/suspended sediments from the Lake Ontario/near the Niagara, Mississauga, and Rochester BasinsPlanktonic/Benthic food chain | OCS in Water: 4.7±1.3 pg/LOCS in Sediments: 11±5.1 ng/g in bottom, 4.0±1.2 ng/g in suspendedOCS in the planktonic food chain4), 0.3 ± 0.05 ng/g in plankton, 0.9±0.7 ng/g in mysids (M. relicta), 14 ng/g in alewife, 5.5±1.9 ng/g small smelts, 9.5 ng/g in large smelts, 44±44 ng/g in salmonidsOCS in the benthic food chain5), 6.9±2.9 ng/g in amphipods (P. affinis), 2.5±1.2 in oligochaetes (T. tubifex, L. hoffmeisteri), 16 ng/g in sculpins (C. cognatus), 44±44 ng/g in salmonids | Oliver and Niimi (1988) |
| Norway | Fish from the Frierfjord; cod (G. morrhua), coalfish (G. virers), whiting (G. merlangus), pollack (G. pollachius), plaice (P. platessa), eel (A. vulgaris), sprat (C. sprattus) | cod: 6.1-92 μg/g of HpCS, 10-361 μg/g of OCScod liver: 44-121 μg/g (1975), 2.3-8.2 μg/g (Sept. 1976), 1.4-16 μg/g (Oct. 1976) of HpCS223-675 μg/g (1975), 12-42 μg/g (Sept. 1976), 16-585 μg/g (Oct. 1976) of OCS cod filet: 26-46 μg/g (May-Sept. 1976), 0.3-24.1 μg/g (Oct.1976) of HpCS 131-169 μg/g (May-Sept. 1976), 3.2-164 μg/g (Oct. 1976) of OCSwhiting: 16-23 μg/g of HCS, 47-87 μg/g of OCSWhiting liver: 2.7-24 μg/g of HpCS, 28-256 μg/g of OCS (Oct. 1976)Whiting filet: 0.9-15 μg/g of HpCS, 12-165 μg/g of OCS (Oct. 1976)pollack liver: 1.4-3.7 of HCS, 4-11 of OCSpollack filet: 13-14 of HCS, 7-50 of OCSplaice: 11-18 (Sept. 1975), 1.7-19 (May. 1976) of HpCS 15-18 (Sept. 1975), 21-91 (May. 11976) of OCSeel: 1.9-3.2 (Sept. 1975), 1.4-4.7 (May-Sept. 1976) of HpCS 5.0-6.5 (Sept. 1975), 8-25 (May-Sept. 1976) of OCSSprat: 3.9-12 of HpCS, 10-40 of OCS | Ofstad et al. (1978) |
| Norway | Fish from the Eidangerfjord (near the fijord); cod (G. morrhua), pollack (G. pollachius), sprat (C. sprattus) | cod liver: 2.0-3.8 μg/g of HpCS, 6.2-21 μg/g of OCS, cod filet: 0.7-2.5 μg/g of HpCS, 2.9-3.3 μg/g of OCSpollack liver: 1.4-4.1 of HpCS, 5.1-14 of OCS, pollack filet: 0.8-1.1 of HpCS, 3.1-5.2 of OCSsprat: 0.6-2.3 of HCS, 3.6-6.4 of OCS | Ofstad et al. (1978) |
| North America | Lake trout (S. namaycush) whitefish (C. culpeaformis) obtained from Siskiwit Lake, Isle Royale, Lake Superior | OCS in Lake trout: 13 ng/g (SM6) & MED7)), 17 ng/g (LG8)), 32 ng/g (XLG9)), 19 ng/g lipid (mean)OCS in Whitefish: 12 ng/g (SM), 24 ng/g (MED), 13 ng/g (LG), 16 ng/g lipid (mean) | Swackhamer and Hites (1988) |
| North America | Native mussels (F. Unionidae) from 20 stations in the Ottawa and St. Lawrence Rivers | upper St. Lawrence River: 0.06 ng/g (L10)) in BP, 0.05 ng/g (E11)) in 29Lac Saint-Francois: 0.07 ng/g (E) in 42Lac Saint-Louis: 0.04 ng/g (E), 0.03-0.08 ng/g (L) in 55, 0.17-0.21 ng/g (L) in 59Lac Saint-Pierre: 0.05 ng/g (E) in 103, 0.05 ng/g (E) in 107, 0.16 ng/g (L) in 112 | Metcalfe and Charlton (1990) |
| North America | Fish from Great Lakes, also include Lake St. Clair, the Ashtabula River and Fields Brook of Ohio | Lake Superior Apostle Islands, WI; Copper Harbor, MI, Lake Michigan Grand Traverse Bay, MI, Lake Huron Mackinac, MI: ND12)Lake Huron Saginaw Bay, MI: 2.0-110.7 ng/gLake Erie Woodtic, MI: 33.8 ng/gLake Ontario Cape Vincent, NY; Oswego, NY; Stony Island, NY: 28.1-86 ng/gLake St.Clair Anchor Bay, MI: 227 ng/gAshtabuka River, OH: NQ13)-405 ng/gFields Brook, OH: 184-256 ng/g | Kuehl et al. (1981) |
| Norway | Sprat (C. sprattus) from south-eastern Norway; around Frierfjorden contaminated by chlorinated compounds from one main source. Sprat (C. sprattus) from Norwegian west coast as background | Frierfjorden: 8.8 μg/g (June 74), 11.2 μg/g (Sept 75) of OCS, 2.9 μg/g (June 74), 4.0 μg/g (Sept 75) of HpCSEidangerfjorden: 3.8 μg/g of OCS, 1.1 μg/g of HpCS (Sept 75)Ormefjorden: 2.0 μg/g of OCS, 0.6 μg/g of HpCS (Sept 75)Sandefjord: <0.1 μg/g of OCS, <0.02 μg/g of HpCS (Sept 75)Torvik, Romsdal: - of OCS, - of HpCS (Sept 75) | Lunde and Ofstad (1976) |