Table 2. Analytical methods for benzo[a]pyrene in some fatty and non-fatty solid samples

Matrix Extraction method Cleanup Separation/detection References
Meat (F) Freeze-drying; Soxhlet; LLE SPE (Florisil) GC-MS Chen et al. (1996)
Smoked meat (F) PLE GPC GC-EI-MS Djinovic et al. (2008)
Saponification SPE (Florisil) LC-UV, LC-FLD, GC-EI-MS Chiu et al. (1997)
SPME-DED GC-MS Martin and Ruiz (2007)
PLE GPC GC-MS Jira (2004)
MAE SPE (Silica) LC-FLD Purcaro et al. (2009)
Fish (F) Homogenization, Soxhlet Water addition; LLE; Column chromatography GC-MS Araki et al. (2001)
HS-SPME GC-MS Guillén et al. (2002)
MAE; Centrifugation SPE (Silica) LC-FLD Pena et al. (2006)
Lyophilization; MSPD Simultaneous SPE LC-FLD Pensado et al. (2005)
Homogenization; Soxhlet Column chromatography GC-MS Anyakora et al. (2005)
QuEChERS LC-FLD Ramalhosa et al. (2009)
Fish, seafood (F) Saponification; Water addition; LLE LC-FLD Perugini et al. (2007)
MAE SPE (Florisil); GPC GC-MS Navarro et al. (2006)
Fish (F), palm dates (NF) Soxhlet Column chromatography GC-MS Al-Omair et al. (2004)
Shellfish (NF) Freeze-drying; Soxhlet GPC; Column chromatography GC-MS Jie and Kai-Xiong (2007)
Mussel(F) Lyophilization; PLE Saponification GC-MS Martinez et al. (2004)
Cheese (F) Saponification; LLE SPE LC-FLD Anastasio et al. (2004)
Soxhlet GPC LC-FLD Pagliuca et al. (2003)
Fruits, vegetables (NF) Saponification; LLE Column chromatography LC-FLD; GC-MS Camargo and Toledo (2003)
Foodstuff (NF) Soxhlet Column chromatography LC-FLD Bordajandi et al. (2004)
Cane sugar (NF) SLE; LLE Column chromatography LC-FLD Tfouni and Toledo (2007)
Tea leaves (NF) Ultrasonication Column chromatography LC-UV Lin and Zhu (2004)
Soxhlet SPE GC-EI-MS Fiedler et al. (2002)
Vegetables (NF) Soxhlet SPE GC-MS Zohair et al. (2006)
F, fatty matrices; NF, non-fatty matrices; LLE, liquid-liquid extraction; PLE, pressurized liquid extraction; SPME-DED, solid-phase microextraction direct extraction device; MAE, microwave-assisted extraction; HS-SPME, headspace solid-phase microextraction; MSPD, matrix solid-phase dispersion; SPE, solid-phase extraction; GPC, gel permeation chromatography; GC-MS, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; GC-EI-MS, gas chromatogrphy-electron ionization-mass spectrometry; LC-UV, liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector; LC-LFD, liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector.