Table 3. The effects of fermented materials developed using kimchi-derived lactic acid bacteria and plant extracts on DPPH radical scavenger activity

Samples	DPPH radical scavenging activity IC₅₀¹⁾ (samples, mg/mL; ascorbic acid, μg/mL)
FD-T1-Con²⁾	12.30±1.85^3)a4)
FD-T1-Lm	9.98±0.71^cd
FD-T1-Lp	12.35±0.77^a
FD-T1-Lc	5.45±0.49^f
FD-T1-Ls	9.56±0.76^cd
FD-T5-Con	12.28±0.69^a
FD-T5-Lm	11.44±0.67^ab
FD-T5-Lp	12.59±1.65^a
FD-T5-Lc	6.88±0.51^e
FD-T5-Ls	11.41±0.18^ab
FD-T6-Con	10.62±0.77^bc
FD-T6-Lm	8.88±0.43^d
FD-T6-Lp	10.34±0.28^bc
FD-T6-Lc	5.64±0.40^ef
FD-T6-Ls	12.67±0.45^a
FD-T7-Con	9.98±0.58^cd
FD-T7-Lm	9.74±0.36^cd
FD-T7-Lp	9.62±0.43^cd
FD-T7-Lc	6.67±0.36^ef
FD-T7-Ls	9.30±0.06^cd
Ascorbic acid	1.43±0.41^g

Inhibitory activity was expressed as the mean 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) from triplicate determinations, obtained by interpolation from the concentration-inhibition curve.
Con, control; Lm, Leuconostoc mesenteroides; Lp, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; Lc, Latilactobacillus curvatus; Ls, Latilactobacillus sakei. The compositions of T1, T5, T6, and T7 are presented in Table 1, and the freeze-dried supernatants of these fermented products are referred to as FD. The compositions of T1-Con, T5-Con, T6-Con, and T7-Con are provided in Table 1.
All values are mean±SD (n=3).
Means with different letters (^a-g) are significantly different from each other (p<0.05), as determined by Duncan’s multiple range test (a>b>c> d>e>f>g).