Table S2. Odor threshold values of major volatile compounds in makgeolli

No Compounds Threshold (mg/L) Matrix Reference
1 Ethyl acetate 5.00 Water Pino JA, Mesa J. Contribution of volatile compounds to mango (Mangifera indica L.) aroma. Flavour Fragr J, 21, 207-213 (2006)
2 1-Propanol 9.00 Water Pino JA, Mesa J. Contribution of volatile compounds to mango (Mangifera indica L.) aroma. Flavour Fragr J, 21, 207-213 (2006)
3 Isobutanol 6.51 Water Giri A, Osako K, Ohshima T. Identification and characterization of headspace volatiles of fish miso, a Japanese fish meat based fermented paste, with special emphasis on effect of fish species and meat washing. Food Chem, 120, 621-631 (2010)
4 Isoamyl acetate 1.60 Water Quilter MG, Hurley JC, Lynch FJ, Murphy MG. The Production of Isoamyl Acetate from Amyl Alcohol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Inst Brew, 109, 3-90 (2003)
5 1-Butanol 0.46 Water Giri A, Osako K, Ohshima T. Identification and characterization of headspace volatiles of fish miso, a Japanese fish meat based fermented paste, with special emphasis on effect of fish species and meat washing. Food Chem, 120, 621-631 (2010)
6 Isoamyl alcohol 0.30 Water Pino JA, Mesa J. Contribution of volatile compounds to mango (Mangifera indica L.) aroma. Flavour Fragr J, 21, 207-213 (2006)
7 Ethyl hexanoate 0.002 Water Giri A, Osako K, Ohshima T. Identification and characterization of headspace volatiles of fish miso, a Japanese fish meat based fermented paste, with special emphasis on effect of fish species and meat washing. Food Chem, 120, 621-631 (2010)
8 Acetoin 0.01 Water Boonbumrung S, Tamura H, Mookdasanit J, Nakamoto H, Ishihara M, Yoshizawa T, Varanyanond W. Characteristic aroma components of the volatile oil of yellow keaw mango fruits determined by limited odor unit method. Food Sci Technol Res, 7, 200-206 (2001)
9 Ethyl lactate 128.00 Water Fan WL. Determination of odor thresholds of volatile aroma compounds in Baijiu by a forced-choice ascending concentration series method of limits. Liquor Making, 38, 80-84 (2011)
10 3-Ethoxypropanol 10.00 Beer Barrett J, Halsey SA, Peppard TL. Flavour stability of ales brewed using hydrolysed maize syrup-sensory and analytical aspects. J Inst Brew, 89(5), 356-360 (1983)
11 Ethyl octanoate 0.02 Water Giri A, Osako K, Okamoto A, Ohshima T. Olfactometric characterization of aroma active compounds in fermented fish paste in comparison with fish sauce, fermented soy paste and sauce products. Food Res Int, 43, 1027-1040 (2010)
12 Acetic acid 99.00 Water Czerny M, Christlbauer M, Christlbauer M, Fischer A, Granvogl M, Hammer M, Harti C, Hernandez NM, Schieberle P. Re-investigation on odour thresholds of key aroma compounds and development of an aroma language based on odour qualities of defined aqueous odorant solutions. Eur Food Res Technol, 228, 265-273 (2008)
13 Isobutyl lactate 340.00 14% EtOH Moreno JA, Zea L, Moyano L, Medina M. Aroma compounds as markers of the changes in sherry wines subjected to biological ageing. Food Control, 16, 333-338 (2005)
14 2,3-Butanediol 0.10 Water Giri A, Osako K, Ohshima T. Identification and characterization of headspace volatiles of fish miso, a Japanese fish meat based fermented paste, with special emphasis on effect of fish species and meat washing. Food Chem, 120, 621-631 (2010)
15 γ-Butyrolactone 20.00 Water Takahashi K. Study on shelf life of sake. J Brew Soc Jpn, 85, 286-292 (1990)
16 Ethyl decanoate 0.01 Water Giri A, Osako K, Ohshima T. Identification and characterization of headspace volatiles of fish miso, a Japanese fish meat based fermented paste, with special emphasis on effect of fish species and meat washing. Food Chem, 120, 621-631 (2010)
17 Isovaleric acid 0.49 Water Czerny M, Christlbauer M, Christlbauer M, Fischer A, Granvogl M, Hammer M, Harti C, Hernandez NM, Schieberle P. Re-investigation on odour thresholds of key aroma compounds and development of an aroma language based on odour qualities of defined aqueous odorant solutions. Eur Food Res Technol, 228, 265-273 (2008)
18 Diethyl succinate 100.00 14% EtOH Moreno JA, Zea L, Moyano L, Medina M. Aroma compounds as markers of the changes in sherry wines subjected to biological ageing. Food Control, 16, 333-338 (2005)
19 Methionol 0.12 Water Giri A, Osako K, Ohshima T. Identification and characterization of headspace volatiles of fish miso, a Japanese fish meat based fermented paste, with special emphasis on effect of fish species and meat washing. Food Chem, 120, 621-631 (2010)
20 Ethyl isovalerate 0.003 11% water/ethanol solution containing 7 g/L glycerol and 5 g/L tartaric acid, pH adjusted to 3.4 with 1 M NaOH Escudero A, Gogorza B, Melús MA, Ortín N, Cacho JA, Ferreira V. Characterization of the aroma of a wine from maccabeo: key role played by compounds with low odor activity values. J Agric Food Chem, 52(11), 3516-3526 (2004)
21 Phenethyl acetate 0.25 Water Giri A, Osako K, Ohshima T. Identification and characterization of headspace volatiles of fish miso, a Japanese fish meat based fermented paste, with special emphasis on effect of fish species and meat washing. Food Chem, 120, 621-631 (2010)
22 Ethyl laurate 5.90 Water Pino JA, Mesa J. Contribution of volatile compounds to mango (Mangifera indica L.) aroma. Flavour Fragr J, 21, 207-213 (2006)
23 2-Phenylethanol 1.10 Water Pino JA, Mesa J. Contribution of volatile compounds to mango (Mangifera indica L.) aroma. Flavour Fragr J, 21, 207-213 (2006)
24 Ethyl myristate 4.00 water Pino JA, Mesa J. Contribution of volatile compounds to mango (Mangifera indica L.) aroma. Flavour Fragr J, 21, 207-213 (2006)
25 Lactic acid 9.00 Air Endo R, Kohgo T, Oyake T. Research on odor nuisance in Hokkaido (part2). Chemical analysis of odors. In: Proc of the 8th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society of Air Pollution, Symposium (1): Hazard nuisance pollution problems due to odors (1967)
26 Ethyl palmitate 2.00 Water Pino JA, Mesa J. Contribution of volatile compounds to mango (Mangifera indica L.) aroma. Flavour Fragr J, 21, 207-213 (2006)
27 Monoethyl succinate 1,000.00 14% ethanolic solution Moreno JA, Zea L, Moyano L, Medina M. Aroma compounds as markers of the changes in sherry wines subjected to biological ageing. Food Control, 16, 333-338 (2005)
28 Ethyl linoleate 0.45 9.4%(w/w) grain spirit Salo P, Nykanen L, Suomalainen H. Odor thresholds and relative intensities of volatile aroma components in an artificial beverage imitating whisky. J Food Sci, 37, 394-398 (1972)
29 Acetal 0.0049 Water Fritsch HT, Schieberle P. Identification based on quantitative measurements and aroma recombination of the character impact odorants in a Bavarian Pilsner-type beer. J Agric Food Chem, 53, 7544-7511 (2005)
30 Diacetyl 0.01 Water Leksrisompong P, Barbano DM, Foegeding AF, Gerard P, Drake M. The roles of fat and pH on the detection thresholds and partition coefficients of three compounds: diacetyl, decalactone and furaneol. J Sens Stud, 25, 347-370 (2010)
31 Isobutyric acid 6.55 Water Giri A, Osako K, Ohshima T. Identification and characterization of headspace volatiles of fish miso, a Japanese fish meat based fermented paste, with special emphasis on effect of fish species and meat washing. Food Chem, 120, 621-631 (2010)
32 Ethyl undecanoate 0.00 Air Goldenberg DM. Geruchswahrnehmung und Schwellen von Duftgemischen beim Menschen. Hals Nasen Ohrenheikunde, Zwanglose Schriftenreihe, 19, Barth, Leipzig (1967)
33 Ethyl Oleate 0.87 9.4%(w/w) grain spirit Salo P, Nykanen L, Suomalainen H. Odor thresholds and relative intensities of volatile aroma components in an artificial beverage imitating whisky. J Food Sci, 37, 394-398 (1972)
34 Propylene glycol 340.00 Water Alexander HC, McCarty WM, Bartlett EA, Syverud AN. Aqueous odor and taste threshold values of industrial chemicals. J Am Water Works Assoc, 74, 595-599 (1982)
35 Ethyl isobutyrate 0.00002 Water Seideneck R, Schieberle P. Comparison of the key aroma compounds in hand-squeezed and unpasteurized, commercial NFC juices prepared from Brazilian Pera Rio oranges. Eur Food Res Technol, 232, 995-1005 (2011)
36 Acetol 10.00 Water Takahashi H, Sumitani H, Inada Y, Mori D. Identification of volatile compounds of kombu (Laminaria spp.) and their odor description. Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi, 49, 228-237 (2002)
37 2-Hydroxy-3-pentanone 0.01 Water Boonbumrung S, Tamura H, Mookdasanit J, Nakamoto H, Ishihara M, Yoshizawa T, Varanyanond W. Characteristic aroma components of the volatile oil of yellow keaw mango fruits determined by limited odor unit method. Food Sci Technol Res, 7, 200-206 (2001)
38 Ethyl nonanoate 0.38 Water Pino JA, Mesa J. Contribution of volatile compounds to mango (Mangifera indica L.) aroma. Flavour Fragr J, 21, 207-213 (2006)
39 Isobutyl acetate 0.03 Water Giri A, Osako K, Ohshima T. Identification and characterization of headspace volatiles of fish miso, a Japanese fish meat based fermented paste, with special emphasis on effect of fish species and meat washing. Food Chem, 120, 621-631 (2010)
40 Ethyl butyrate 0.0009 Water Giri A, Osako K, Ohshima T. Identification and characterization of headspace volatiles of fish miso, a Japanese fish meat based fermented paste, with special emphasis on effect of fish species and meat washing. Food Chem, 120, 621-631 (2010)
41 Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate 2.50 Water Takeoka GR, Buttery RG, Turnbaugh JG, Benson M. Odor thresholds of various branched esters. Lebensm Wiss Technol, 28, 153-156 (1995)
42 Butyric acid 0.0020 Water Czerny M, Christlbauer M, Christlbauer M, Fischer A, Granvogl M, Hammer M, Harti C, Hernandez NM, Schieberle P. Re-investigation on odour thresholds of key aroma compounds and development of an aroma language based on odour qualities of defined aqueous odorant solutions. Eur Food Res Technol, 228, 265-273 (2008)
43 4-vinylguaiacol 0.01 Water Giri A, Osako K, Ohshima T. Identification and characterization of headspace volatiles of fish miso, a Japanese fish meat based fermented paste, with special emphasis on effect of fish species and meat washing. Food Chem, 120, 621-631 (2010)