Table 1. Classification of bio-preservatives

Bio-preservatives derived from microbial sources Bio-preservatives derived from animal sources Bio-preservatives derived from plants References
BacteriocinsBacteriophagesEndolysin LysozymePleurocidinDefensinsLactoferrinOvotransferrinProtamineChitosan Plant extracts and essential oils from herbs, spices Baindara and Mandal, 2022; Batiha et al., 2021;Beya et al., 2021; Chang, 2020;Kell et al., 2020; Martínez-Graciá et al., 2015;Meena et al., 2021; Singh, 2018; Yusuf, 2018