Table 3. Diameter and length of 6-year-old red ginseng inner defect by grade

Grade	Diameter of red ginseng (cm)	Diameter of inner white (cm)	Vertical length of inner white (cm)	Ratio of diameter and inner white	Diameter of inner cavity (cm)	Vertical length of inner cavity (cm)
Grade	Cheon¹⁾	1.604±0.176^2)a3)	0.220±0.131^a	3.885±1.139^b	0.134±0.096^a	0.523±0.146^a	1.357±0.713^a
Ji	1.822±0.801^b	0.319±0.235^b	3.848±1.524^b	0.191±0.141^b	0.355±0.169^a	1.800±1.244^a
Yang	1.711±0.249^ab	0.332±0.237^b	3.357±1.384^a	0.200±0.149^b	0.525±0.348^a	1.627±1.267^a
Gi	1.817±0.298^b	0.428±0.345^c	3.548±1.672^ab	0.243±0.197^c	0.589±0.461^a	1.884±1.545^a

Cheon, 1st grade; Ji, 2nd grade; Yang, 3rd grade; Gi, out of grade ginseng.
Values are mean±standard deviation.
Means significantly different between grades by Duncan’s multi-range test (p⟨0.05).