Table 2. Physicochemical properties of aquafaba with different ultrasonic treatment time (UTT)
Ultrasonic treatment time (min) | Moisture contents (%) | Protein solubility (mg/mL) | Emulsion activity index (%) | Heat stability index (%) | Viscosity (cP) | pH | Color value |
L* | a* | b* |
01) | 94.07±0.012)d3) | 1,706.97±30.26a | 74.80±0.71ab | 74.07±1.28 | 16.70±0.17d | 6.28±0.00a | 36.86±0.06b | 0.49±0.04c | 9.14±0.17c |
30 | 93.92±0.02b | 1,809.79±47.02b | 75.40±0.35b | 75.34±0.68 | 14.70±0.00c | 6.33±0.01b | 36.41±0.10a | 0.26±0.05a | 7.98±0.06a |
60 | 93.86±0.01a | 1,972.31±18.84c | 74.31±0.41a | 74.02±1.13 | 13.80±0.30b | 6.35±0.01c | 36.37±0.06a | 0.22±0.07a | 8.03±0.14a |
90 | 94.04±0.02c | 2,035.32±14.93d | 73.78±0.23a | 73.80±1.15 | 12.10±0.35a | 6.36±0.01d | 36.77±0.10b | 0.36±0.05b | 8.72±0.40b |
F-value | 173.733**** | 72.899**** | 4.248* | 2.514NS | 183.458**** | 88.533**** | 44.077**** | 24.479**** | 29.709**** |
0, 30, 60, and 90 stand for aquafaba with 0 min, 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min of different ultrasonic treatment time.
Color values are mean±SD (n=5); The others are mean±SD (n=3).
Different superscript letters indicate significant difference (p<0.05) between values in the same column.
significant at p<0.05,
significant at p<0.0001,
not significant.