Table 2. Anti-oxidative activity of E. umbellata leaf extract by solvent concentration, temperature and time

Extraction condition Radical scavenging activity (IC50, μg/mL) Content (μg/mg)
EtOH (%) Temperature (°C) Time (h) DPPH ABTS Polyphenol Flavonoid
0 20 6 50.11±13.412)a3) 15.38±0.62a 152.98±3.20g 6.78±0.70g
20 20 6 41.38±13.41ab 12.95±0.18b 195.89±2.38f 7.83±0.28g
50 20 6 26.85±1.64bc 10.87±0.06c 231.31±2.75bc 10.30±0.59f
70 20 6 22.51±0.66bc 12.02±0.25b 221.51±4.99cd 17.10±0.56e
70 60 6 15.16±0.94cd 7.85±0.21e 212.60±1.71de 31.33±0.57d
70 80 6 9.54±0.66cd 6.69±0.34f 241.15±7.93ab 37.45±0.94b
70 80 3 12.26±0.69cd 9.96±0.14cd 203.43±3.41ef 33.47±0.44c
70 80 12 13.92±1.26cd 7.36±0.71ef 243.65±1.96a 41.44±0.88a
70 80 24 15.23±2.50cd 10.76±0.22c 230.83±1.67bc 38.82±0.40b
70 80 48 16.96±7.76cd 9.12±0.05d 222.12±1.59cd 38.25±0.47b
Gallic acid (positive control) 2.51±0.51d 1.65±0.16g NA1) NA
NA, not applicable.
Results are expressed as means±SD (% control) of three independent experiments.
a-gValues with different superscript letters are significantly different (p<0.05) by Tukey’s multiple comparision test.