Table 2. The number of aerobic bacteria, yeast, and mold of perilla seeds treated by control and air bubble washing with salt solution at different levels for 60 min

(log CFU/g DW)

Microorganisms Treatments Salt concentration (%)

0 1 2.5 5

Aerobic bacteria Control¹⁾ 4.64±0.34²⁾^a³⁾ 4.52±0.25^a 4.35±0.09^b 4.29±0.04^b

Bubble washing 3.63±0.04^c 3.19±0.16^d 2.99±0.28^e 2.87±0.12^e

Yeast Control 4.57±0.04^a 2.76±0.16^b 2.65±0.27^b 2.64±0.27^b

Bubble washing 2.40±0.13^c 2.05±0.28^d ND⁴⁾^e ND^e

Mold Control 4.25±0.01^a 3.04±0.36^b 3.01±0.37^b 2.98±0.17^b

Bubble washing 1.96±0.19^c 1.74±0.21^d ND^e ND^e

¹⁾Control, immersion washing without blowing air-bubbles.
²⁾All values are mean±SD (n=6).
³⁾Different letters superscript indicate in the same column that means are significantly different (p<0.05) by Duncan’s multiple range test.
⁴⁾ND, not detected.

Microorganisms	Treatments	Salt concentration (%)
Microorganisms	Treatments	0	1	2.5	5
Aerobic bacteria	Control¹⁾	4.64±0.34²⁾^a³⁾	4.52±0.25^a	4.35±0.09^b	4.29±0.04^b
Aerobic bacteria	Bubble washing	3.63±0.04^c	3.19±0.16^d	2.99±0.28^e	2.87±0.12^e
Yeast	Control	4.57±0.04^a	2.76±0.16^b	2.65±0.27^b	2.64±0.27^b
Yeast	Bubble washing	2.40±0.13^c	2.05±0.28^d	ND⁴⁾^e	ND^e
Mold	Control	4.25±0.01^a	3.04±0.36^b	3.01±0.37^b	2.98±0.17^b
Mold	Bubble washing	1.96±0.19^c	1.74±0.21^d	ND^e	ND^e