Table 3
Free amino acid contents of fermented amaranth according to fermentation time (unit: mg/100 g)
Free amino acid | Fermentation time (hr) |
0 | 6 | 12 | 24 | 48 | 72 | 96 |
Taurine | 4.13 | 4.86 | 4.47 | 4.19 | 4.56 | 4.48 | 4.83 |
Urea | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 56.23 | 52.20 |
Threonine | 6.17 | 8.21 | 8.25 | 11.77 | 14.20 | 23.75 | 26.10 |
Glutamicacid | 5.97 | 4.89 | 14.62 | 25.25 | 25.68 | 29.47 | 33.21 |
Glycine | 3.20 | 4.98 | 5.37 | 7.56 | 7.61 | 9.23 | 11.20 |
Alanine | 9.15 | 17.35 | 17.32 | 18.04 | 21.99 | 59.14 | 47.68 |
Citrulline | 0.40 | 0.43 | 1.07 | 2.72 | 3.75 | 3.67 | 9.20 |
Valine | 14.75 | 15.03 | 16.47 | 36.62 | 42.05 | 45.99 | 102.37 |
Methionine | 4.19 | 4.28 | 8.30 | 23.07 | 28.05 | 38.72 | 63.57 |
Isoleucine | 12.30 | 12.79 | 12.69 | 24.07 | 29.43 | 56.63 | 70.02 |
Leucine | 9.41 | 9.56 | 12.88 | 35.85 | 66.84 | 93.85 | 126.67 |
Tyrosine | 9.07 | 9.30 | 10.23 | 22.72 | 28.52 | 40.83 | 69.76 |
Phenylalanine | 8.99 | 9.04 | 11.32 | 31.75 | 36.95 | 60.94 | 94.27 |
β-Alanine | 6.37 | 6.75 | 1.45 | 1.24 | 1.01 | 1.52 | 5.91 |
γ-Amino-n-butyricacid | 14.52 | 14.65 | 14.81 | 14.09 | 13.04 | 14.44 | 14.60 |
Ethanolamine | 3.49 | 3.71 | 4.00 | 2.85 | 2.77 | 2.13 | 2.04 |
δ-Hydroxylysine | 0.19 | 0.30 | 0.34 | 0.43 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.48 |
Ornithine | 0.51 | 0.47 | 3.30 | 13.39 | 11.98 | 16.97 | 22.29 |
Lysine | 4.23 | 4.13 | 5.08 | 12.43 | 13.83 | 12.72 | 21.21 |
Histidine | 2.45 | 1.96 | 2.58 | 5.76 | 6.95 | 6.18 | 13.33 |
Arginine | 12.30 | 12.31 | 12.19 | 21.65 | 23.84 | 26.35 | 26.59 |
Total amino acid | 117.04 | 136.73 | 163.97 | 312.04 | 400.7 | 643.16 | 873.61 |
Total EAA1) | 62.49 | 65.00 | 77.57 | 181.32 | 238.33 | 338.78 | 517.54 |
EAA, Essential amino acid (Thr+Val+Met+Ile+Leu+Phe+Lys+His).