Table 1
Temperature changes of stand-up pouches depending on the addition of titanium dioxide by microwave heating at 800 W for 2 min

Pouch type Start temperature (℃) End temperture (℃) ∆T (℃)
With 3% TiO2 22.5 44.1 21.6
Without TiO2 23.0 41.6 18.6