Table 4. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against eight antibiotics of Leuconostoc spp. used in this study

Strains	Microbiological cut-off values (mg/L) of lactic acid bacteria against antibiotics
EFSA guideline	Clindamycin	Chloramphenicol	Gentamicin	Kanamycin	Streptomycin	Ampicillin	Erythromycin	Tetracycline
Leuconostoc	1	4	16	16	64	2	1	8
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG	0.19±0.01^b1)	2.00±0.00^b	6.00±0.00^a	16.00±0.00^NS2)	24.00±0.09^a	0.05±0.00^a	0.32±0.00	0.25±0.00
Leuconostoc citrium K1-17	0.01±0.00^d	4.00±0.01^a	6.00±0.00^a	16.00±0.00	20.00±0.00^b	0.02±0.00^d	0.19±0.00	0.25±0.00
Leuconostoc mesenteroides K1-18	0.19±0.07^b	2.00±0.01^b	1.00±1.00^b	16.00±0.00	8.00±0.01^e	0.05±0.00^b	0.38±0.00	0.50±0.00
Leuconostoc mesenteroides K2-1	0.05±0.00^a	2.00±0.04^b	1.75±0.00^b	16.00±0.04	12.00±0.01^d	0.03±0.03^c	0.38±0.02	0.50±0.01
Leuconostoc mesenteroides K2-4	0.03±1.00^c	2.00±0.00^b	1.75±0.00^b	16.00±0.00	18.00±0.00^c	0.05±0.01^b	0.25±0.00	0.25±0.00

All values are mean±SD (n=3). Different superscript letters (a-e) indicate the statistical differences determined by Duncan’s multiple range test (p<0.05).
NS, not significant.