Table 4.
Concentration of organic acids in r ice and r ice starch Yakju (mg%)

Compounds	Rice Yakju				Rice starch Yakju
	Enzyme supplements	Modified Nuruk	Traditional Nuruk	Yellow rice koji	Enzyme supplements	Modified Nuruk	Traditional Nuruk	Yellow rice koji
	Oxalic	1.47±0.16ab1)	1.43±0.49ab	1.21±0.16b	1.79±0.12a	21.61±1.04d	47.74±1.30b	45.13±0.17c	51.04±0.82a
Citric	9.58±0.37d	70.32±4.49c	84.61±12.28b	118.79±0.34a	122.85±3.13b	141.57±1.03a	104.71±2.26c	84.07±1.27d
Tartaric	0.02±0.03b	4.41±1.82a	1.42±2.11b	ND	0.05±0.08b	ND	2.94±3.45b	10.51±1.28a
Malic	28.28±8.41a	19.18±1.36ab	13.41±4.66b	17.15±0.31b	5.79±1.72a	5.38±0.61a	9.21±0.67a	9.83±5.69a
Succinic	152.59±13.36a	112.39±4.00b	125.34±5.79b	79.29±1.89c	79.08±1.86d	136.26±3.19c	141.22±0.48b	158.09±2.27a
Fumaric	ND2)	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
Lactic	32.49±2.00c	38.48±0.61b	61.47±3.59a	23.14±0.92d	118.21±1.34a	68.33±5.62ab	38.04±2.39b	38.547±5.86b
Formic	0.04±0.06a	ND	ND	ND	0.03±0.05a	0.09±0.16a	ND	ND
Acetic	34.24±4.78b	21.34±0.73c	29.98±3.75b	97.30±5.02a	203.43±22.66a	52.46±12.41c	44.11±5.97c	91.09±3.60b
Pyroglutamic	0.56±0.98c	6.98±1.00b	6.17±1.46b	20.23±1.17a	20.63±1.42a	3.64±0.83b	4.47±1.49b	ND
Total	259.27	274.42	323.60	357.70	538.34	455.47	389.83	443.22

Values are mean±SD (n=3), different letters within the same column differ significantly (p<0.05).
ND means not detected.