Table 1.
Ingredient composition of the soaking solution with different sugar concentration

Materials	Soaking solution2)
	S0	S5	S10	S15	S20
	Water	100.0	90.0	85.0	80.0	75.0
Sugar1)	-	5.0	10.0	15.0	20.0
Xylitol	-	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0
Cinnamon	-	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6
Ginger powder	-	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Crystalline fructose	-	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Polydextrose	-	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Xanthan gum	-	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Guar gum	-	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chicory fiber	-	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Stevia	-	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Citric acid	-	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ascorbic acid	-	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total (%)	100	100	100	100	100

Sugar, formulation with white sugar and black sugar 1:1 (w/w).
S0, sugar 0%; S5, sugar 5%; S10, sugar 10%; S15, sugar 15%; S20, sugar 20%.